Page 66 - Журнал Sozvezdye Review - «СОЗВЕЗДИЕ» #37
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and outgoing ships pass through it… Laid up at the   Holy Spirit and Courier (the latter is also known as the
                                        tip of the shore is a newly built ship, its deck to be fin-  Rapid Messenger) and laying of another small frigate,
                                        ished yet. There’s a community next to the shipyard...   St. Elijah. It took some time to complete the Holy Spir-
                                        It’s name is Solombal.”                       it and the Courier, but once they were, in early August
                                                                                      1701, they immediately joined a squadron of 11 ships to
                                           Frigates and fleuts                        accommodate the tsar with his retinue for their journey
                                                                                      first to the Solovetsky Isles and then to Nyukhcha, lo-
                                           In February 1702, a new voivode, V. A. Rzhevsky,   cated on the western coast of the White Sea. From there,
                                        arrived in Arkhangelsk, tasked with supervising the   they walked to Povenets, having laid the 160-verst-long
                                        preparations for Tsar Peter’s the third voyage to the   “sovereign’s road”.
                                        North. To arrive next, in March 1702, were Elizarius   Under the command of Vice Admiral Corne-
                                        Ysbrants, now Admiralty Commissar, and Cornelis   lis Cruijs, the squadron returned from the journey to
                                        Cruijs, Vice Admiral. Their mission was to supervise   Arkhangelsk safe and sound. It consisted of the ves-
                                        the building of new ships in response to the outbreak   sels built in Arkhangelsk (yacht Saint Peter, newly built
                                        of the Great Northern War.                    smaller frigates Holy Spirit and Courier, five fleuts built
                                           The main task was to ensure the safety of Solomba-  in 1701), the Royal Transport schooner, donated by the
                                                       la shipyard. Since the Novodvinsk   British fleet, and two Swedish trophy vessels. The sixth
                                                       Fortress was yet to be complet-  flute had by that time been leased out to foreigner Stels.
            Принято считать, что с 1693                ed, the Solombala shipyard, which   The small frigate Saint Elijah, laid by Peter I earli-
            по 1715 годы в Архангельске было           had launched six flutes in 1701, re-  er, was ready to set sail in the summer of 1703. In that
                                                       mained defenseless. It was decided
                                                                                      year, Arkhangelsk was building one ship after another.
            построено 15 военных судов (семь           to move the shipyard to a place up-  Those were mostly small single-mast boats indented for
            кораблей, семь фрегатов, одна              stream of the Archangel Monastery   the Baltic. In 1703, they reached the Ladoga by being
            яхта)                                      and close to the village of Siysky   dragged over land along the “sovereign’s road” – that
                                                                                      was the first documented fact of dragging ships from
                                                       Byk. The place looked convenient: it
            It is believed that Arkhangelsk built      had sufficient depths, the river bend   the White Sea to Lake Onega and further to Ladoga.
            a total of fifteen naval ships between     offered a good cover from sea winds   Back then, the port of Arkhangelsk was experienc-
            1693 and 1715 (seven warships, seven       and curious eyes of foreigners, and   ing its heyday. One more vessel was built there, which
                                                       there was the artillery of local forti-
                                                                                      was erroneously classified as heckboot, a light cargo
            frigates, one yacht)                       fications and Russia’s first warships   ship with high blind sides. In the language of Arkhan-
                                                       to block access. Siysky Byk sounded   gelsk community, it sounded eke bot and represented a
                                                       a good alternative to building forti-  well-armed ships that wasn’t meant for sale to foreign-
                                                       fications around Solombala, a pro-  ers. At that time, the Admiralty took over the windmill
           SOZVEZDYE #37                cess that would have taken a lot of time and money. In   on Moseev Island. A number of new barns were built in
                                        Siysky Byk, the yard had built two small frigates and re-  Arkhangelsk to house oakum production, followed by
                                        paired trophy sailboats of the Swedish fleet. Its territory   the water-driven saw mill in Shirsha that later housed
            история                     became Arkhangelsk Admiralty’s first yard and home   also blacksmith’s for the needs of the Arkhangelsk Ad-
                                                                                      miralty. Elizarius Ysbrants built a ropery; its premises
                                        to Russia’s first dry docks.
            history                        Accompanied by his retinue and armed forces, Pe-  currently house V. I. Voronin Arctic Marine Institute.
                                        ter I arrived in Arkhangelsk on May 17, 1701. A week   At that time, appointed to the post of Arkhangelsk
                                        later,  on  May  24,  the  Holy  Trinity  Day,  he  boarded   harbor master was Klas Fras. Among the officers sent
                                        the captured Swedish galliot Falken, which Russians   by the Admiralty to Solombala in 1707 was commis-
                                        called frigate, for the Admiralty shipyard to celebrate   sioner Semyon Plemyannikov. Possibly, Ysbrants health
           64                           the launching of two new small frigates Descent of the   was deteriorating and he needed an assistant, although
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